DISTINGUISH BETWEEN RAMAYANA AND MAHABHARATA: WHICH IS MORE EFFECTIVE IN CONTEXT OF MODERN LIFE

Abstract

The Ramayana, a seminal work in ancient Indian literature, is an epic narrative that is traditionally attributed to the illustrious sage Valmiki, who is known for his profound contributions to the literary and spiritual heritage of India. The Ramayana stands as a remarkable repository of ethical values and moral teachings that persistently influence societal norms and values across generations. The pivotal tenets of dharma, satyam, bhakti, seva, vairagya, karma, and sacrifice constitute the very essence of this epic. In addition to the Ramayana, the Mahabharata stands as one of the two grand epics that collectively represent the pinnacle of ancient Indian literary achievement, and it provides profound philosophical and moral teachings that continue to be relevant in contemporary discourse. Objective: The aim of the study is to distinguish between Ramayana and Mahabharata and to examine which is more effective in context of today’s modern life. Methods: This study is descriptive and empirical by nature based on secondary sources. Results and Discussion: The differences between the Ramayana and Mahabharata have been sought in connection of Themes and Narrative Focus, The Central Characters, Plot Structure, Philosophical and Ethical Teachings, Ethical Dilemmas and Decision-Making, etc. Conclusion: Both of these ancient epics proffer lasting insights into the realms of governance and leadership that remain relevant today. The Ramayana establishes a benchmark for virtuous conduct and a sense of duty, while the Mahabharata meticulously dissects the pragmatic aspects of power dynamics and ethical conflicts inherent in leadership.