Muga Silk and Sustainable Practices - A Study at Borbam Dihingia and Borbam Kachari Villages in Assam, India

Abstract

The Ahom and the Sonowal Kachari are two tribal communities in Assam that live in two neighbouring villages in the Dhemaji district. The villages are Borbam Dihingia and Borbam Kachari.  The Ahom community inhabits the village of Borbam Dihingia, and the Sonowal Kachari lives in the village of Borbam Kachari. Despite their traditional and cultural differences and traditional belief systems, they have lived in great social harmony for ages, practising a similar livelihood pattern. 

Muga silk weaving is a vital practice in Assam, serving as the primary livelihood for villagers, particularly women. These women are highly skilled weavers, renowned for their intricate motifs and designs. Looms are a common sight in every home, reflecting the deep connection between the community and this craft. Interestingly, despite sharing a common heritage, different communities maintain distinct motifs and designs in their weaving. This allows for easy identification of the community of origin, with each pattern conveying strong cultural messages. The use of coloured yarn is often closely regulated within communities, highlighting their commitment to preserving their unique cultural identities and the distinctions between them.

This tradition not only sustains livelihoods but also exemplifies climate resilience through craft. Muga silk, geographically unique to Assam, is culturally revered as "golden silk" and represents a significant part of their heritage. The study of Muga silk weaving offers a valuable opportunity to explore the rich stories, knowledge, traditions, and vibrant colours that define this craft and the lives of the people who practice it.